Table 1.9.8 - BMBF's Data Portal

Table 1.9.8
Distribution of tertiary graduates in international comparison, by field of study
		Education	Arts and humanities	Social sciences, journalism and information	Business, administration and law	Natural sciences, mathematics and statistics	Information and communication technologies	Engineering, manufacturing and construction	Agriculture, forestry, fishing and veterinary medicine	Health and welfare	Services
State	Year	Share (%)
Australia	2015	9	11	7	34	6	4	8	1	19	1
	2016	9	11	7	34	6	4	8	1	18	2
	2017	10	11	7	33	6	4	8	1	18	1
	2018	9	12	6	36	5	5	8	1	17	2
	2019	8	11	6	36	5	6	8	1	18	2
	2020	8	9	6	37	5	7	9	1	18	2
Belgium	2015	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2016	9	10	11	22	4	2	12	2	27	2
	2017	9	10	10	22	4	2	12	2	28	1
	2018	8	10	11	21	4	2	12	2	30	1
	2019	8	10	11	22	4	2	12	2	28	1
	2020	8	9	12	23	4	2	12	2	26	1
Chile	2015	15	4	4	23	1	3	16	2	21	11
	2016	15	3	4	24	1	3	16	2	21	10
	2017	15	3	4	24	1	3	16	2	22	10
	2018	14	3	4	25	1	3	17	2	22	9
	2019	15	3	4	26	1	3	16	2	21	8
	2020	16	3	5	29	1	3	17	2	17	6
Costa Rica	2015	22	3	5	39	2	5	7	1	16	2
	2016	22	3	7	36	2	5	7	1	14	2
	2017	21	3	6	36	2	5	7	1	15	3
	2018	22	3	6	37	2	6	8	1	14	2
	2019	24	3	5	36	2	6	8	1	13	2
	2020	24	3	6	36	3	6	8	1	12	2
Denmark	2015	9	13	10	20	5	4	11	2	22	4
	2016	6	13	11	25	6	5	10	1	20	3
	2017	6	12	10	25	5	5	11	1	21	4
	2018	5	12	10	26	5	5	12	1	21	3
	2019	5	11	10	25	6	5	12	1	20	4
	2020	5	11	10	26	5	5	12	1	21	3
Germany	2015	10	12	7	23	10	5	22	2	7	3
	2016	10	12	7	23	9	5	22	2	7	3
	2017	11	11	7	23	9	5	22	2	7	2
	2018	11	11	8	23	9	5	21	2	7	2
	2019	10	10	7	25	8	5	24	2	7	3
	2020	10	9	7	26	8	5	23	2	7	3
Estonia	2015	8	12	9	25	7	5	14	2	12	6
	2016	8	12	9	24	7	6	14	2	12	6
	2017	7	13	8	23	6	7	15	2	13	6
	2018	7	13	8	23	6	7	15	2	13	7
	2019	8	12	8	24	6	8	14	2	12	6
	2020	7	13	7	25	6	8	13	1	13	6
Finland	2015	7	13	7	18	5	7	17	2	19	5
	2016	6	12	7	18	5	7	18	2	20	4
	2017	7	11	7	19	5	6	16	2	21	5
	2018	7	10	7	19	5	7	16	2	22	5
	2019	7	11	7	19	4	7	17	2	21	5
	2020	7	11	7	20	5	7	15	2	20	5
France	2015	3	9	8	34	7	3	15	2	16	3
	2016	4	9	8	33	8	3	15	1	15	3
	2017	4	9	7	35	8	3	15	1	14	3
	2018	4	9	7	34	8	4	14	2	15	4
	2019	4	9	7	35	8	4	14	2	14	4
	2020	4	8	8	35	8	4	14	2	13	4
Greece	2015	7	14	11	20	9	3	18	3	12	3
	2016	7	13	12	21	8	3	17	2	12	4
	2017	7	12	13	20	10	3	17	2	12	3
	2018	8	11	14	22	9	3	16	3	11	3
	2019	9	12	15	20	9	3	15	3	11	4
	2020	7	11	16	21	9	4	15	3	12	4
Ireland	2015	8	13	7	24	8	6	10	2	17	5
	2016	6	14	6	25	8	7	10	2	17	5
	2017	9	12	6	25	7	7	9	1	17	5
	2018	9	12	6	27	8	8	9	1	17	4
	2019	9	11	6	26	8	8	10	1	17	4
	2020	9	10	6	27	8	9	10	1	16	4
Iceland	2015	14	12	16	23	5	4	9	1	14	3
	2016	14	10	16	22	5	5	10	1	15	3
	2017	12	10	16	22	5	6	9	1	17	3
	2018	13	10	16	22	5	5	9	1	17	3
	2019	14	10	16	20	5	6	9	1	15	3
	2020	15	10	16	21	4	6	8	1	16	4
Israel	2015	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2016	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2017	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2018	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2019	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2020	22	7	16	19	4	6	16	0	10	0
Italy	2015	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2016	4	18	14	21	8	1	16	3	15	0
	2017	4	18	13	21	8	1	17	3	15	0
	2018	7	17	14	18	8	1	15	3	15	3
	2019	7	17	14	18	8	1	15	3	14	3
	2020	13	16	14	17	7	1	14	2	12	3
Japan	2015	9	15	8	20	3	m	18	3	15	8
	2016	10	15	8	20	3	m	18	3	16	8
	2017	9	15	7	20	3	m	18	3	16	9
	2018	9	15	7	20	3	m	18	3	16	8
	2019	9	15	7	20	3	m	19	3	16	8
	2020	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
Canada	2015	6	11	16	26	7	3	12	2	15	3
	2016	8	10	16	26	7	3	12	2	14	2
	2017	6	10	15	27	6	3	13	2	15	3
	2018	6	10	15	28	6	3	13	2	15	3
	2019	5	8	10	26	8	5	13	1	16	6
	2020	5	8	10	26	8	5	13	1	16	6
Colombia	2015	9	4	7	45	1	5	16	2	7	4
	2016	8	4	7	46	1	5	17	2	7	3
	2017	8	4	7	46	1	5	17	2	6	4
	2018	8	4	7	46	1	5	17	2	6	4
	2019	9	3	9	42	2	3	19	2	6	4
	2020	9	3	10	42	2	3	18	2	6	4
Korea	2015	7	17	5	15	4	5	20	1	15	10
	2016	7	16	5	15	5	4	20	1	15	10
	2017	7	16	6	15	5	4	20	1	15	10
	2018	7	16	5	15	4	5	20	1	16	10
	2019	7	16	5	15	4	5	21	1	16	10
	2020	7	15	6	14	4	5	21	1	16	10
Latvia	2015	7	8	9	32	4	4	13	2	14	8
	2016	7	8	10	31	3	5	13	2	14	8
	2017	4	8	9	31	3	5	13	2	17	9
	2018	8	7	9	28	3	5	13	2	17	8
	2019	9	7	8	28	3	4	13	2	18	8
	2020	9	6	8	29	3	5	12	1	19	8
Lithuania	2015	7	8	12	32	4	2	17	2	14	2
	2016	7	9	12	30	4	2	18	2	14	2
	2017	6	9	10	27	4	3	19	2	17	3
	2018	6	9	9	26	4	3	19	3	18	3
	2019	6	9	9	24	4	4	19	3	19	3
	2020	6	8	9	26	4	4	18	3	19	2
Luxembourg	2015	21	8	9	39	5	6	5	0	7	0
	2016	9	11	12	40	6	6	7	2	6	2
	2017	7	10	12	44	5	5	8	0	7	3
	2018	10	10	11	42	6	6	7	0	7	1
	2019	11	10	10	42	5	5	9	0	6	2
	2020	13	10	11	37	5	6	8	0	7	0
Mexico	2015	12	4	9	34	3	2	23	2	10	1
	2016	14	4	9	35	3	2	21	2	10	1
	2017	13	3	9	33	2	5	17	2	11	3
	2018	11	3	9	34	3	5	18	2	11	3
	2019	11	3	19	24	2	5	18	2	11	3
	2020	10	3	19	24	3	5	19	2	12	3
New Zealand	2015	10	12	9	25	6	7	8	2	15	5
	2016	10	11	9	26	6	7	8	2	15	6
	2017	10	11	9	25	7	7	9	2	15	5
	2018	10	12	9	24	7	7	9	2	15	5
	2019	9	12	9	24	7	7	9	2	16	5
	2020	10	11	9	25	7	7	9	2	16	4
Netherlands¹⁾	2015	11	9	15	28	5	2	8	1	16	5
	2016	10	9	15	29	6	2	8	1	16	5
	2017	10	9	14	28	6	3	8	1	17	5
	2018	10	9	14	28	6	3	8	1	17	5
	2019	9	9	14	28	6	3	9	1	16	5
	2020	9	8	14	28	7	3	8	1	15	5
Norway	2015	16	9	11	16	5	3	13	1	20	5
	2016	17	8	11	16	5	3	13	1	21	6
	2017	16	8	10	19	5	4	14	1	19	5
	2018	16	8	11	17	5	4	13	1	20	5
	2019	17	8	11	16	5	4	12	1	20	5
	2020	16	9	12	17	5	5	12	1	19	5
Austria	2015	13	9	10	22	6	4	20	2	7	9
	2016	12	7	11	22	6	4	21	2	7	8
	2017	13	8	9	23	6	4	20	2	7	8
	2018	12	8	7	24	6	4	21	2	8	8
	2019	11	8	8	24	6	4	21	2	9	8
	2020	12	7	8	24	6	4	21	1	9	8
Poland	2015	14	7	11	24	4	3	15	2	13	8
	2016	14	7	10	24	4	3	16	1	13	7
	2017	13	7	10	24	4	4	16	2	13	8
	2018	15	7	9	24	3	4	15	2	15	7
	2019	13	7	9	24	3	4	14	2	17	7
	2020	13	7	9	26	3	4	13	2	16	8
Portugal	2015	7	9	11	19	6	1	21	2	19	6
	2016	5	9	11	19	7	1	21	2	18	6
	2017	5	10	11	19	6	2	21	2	17	6
	2018	4	10	11	20	6	2	20	2	18	6
	2019	4	10	11	21	6	2	20	2	17	6
	2020	4	10	11	21	6	3	19	3	17	6
Sweden	2015	12	6	13	18	4	4	18	1	22	2
	2016	12	6	13	17	5	4	18	1	22	2
	2017	12	6	12	16	4	4	19	1	23	2
	2018	13	6	12	16	4	4	18	1	23	2
	2019	13	6	12	16	4	4	19	1	22	2
	2020	14	6	12	16	4	5	18	1	22	2
Switzerland	2015	10	8	7	28	7	2	15	1	15	6
	2016	10	8	7	29	7	2	16	2	15	5
	2017	10	8	7	29	7	2	16	1	16	6
	2018	10	7	7	28	7	3	16	1	15	5
	2019	10	7	7	28	7	3	16	1	16	5
	2020	10	7	7	27	7	3	16	1	17	5
Slovak Republic	2015	13	7	11	21	6	3	13	2	18	6
	2016	13	7	12	20	6	3	12	2	18	6
	2017	13	8	12	20	6	3	12	2	18	6
	2018	14	8	12	20	6	4	12	2	17	6
	2019	13	8	11	21	6	4	12	2	17	6
	2020	14	8	10	20	5	4	13	2	17	7
Slovenia	2015	10	9	12	22	6	3	16	3	10	7
	2016	11	11	11	23	5	3	17	3	8	7
	2017	11	9	10	20	6	4	17	2	12	7
	2018	11	9	9	20	7	4	17	3	12	8
	2019	11	9	9	18	6	4	18	3	13	9
	2020	11	8	10	19	7	4	18	2	12	9
Spain	2015	16	9	7	19	5	4	16	1	15	7
	2016	17	9	7	19	5	4	15	1	16	7
	2017	16	9	7	19	5	4	14	1	16	7
	2018	17	9	7	19	5	4	13	1	17	8
	2019	16	9	7	19	5	4	13	1	17	8
	2020	17	9	8	19	5	4	12	1	17	8
Czech Republic	2015	11	8	11	23	5	4	16	3	11	7
	2016	10	9	11	22	5	4	16	3	12	7
	2017	11	8	11	21	5	5	16	3	12	8
	2018	11	9	11	20	6	5	15	3	12	7
	2019	13	9	10	19	6	5	15	3	12	7
	2020	12	9	11	19	6	5	15	3	13	7
Turkey	2015	10	11	8	38	4	2	13	2	8	4
	2016	10	11	8	35	3	2	14	2	10	5
	2017	10	11	8	31	3	2	15	2	12	6
	2018	9	11	8	31	2	2	15	2	13	6
	2019	7	12	8	30	3	2	14	2	16	7
	2020	5	12	11	30	2	2	11	2	16	9
Hungary	2015	16	10	10	25	4	2	16	3	8	5
	2016	17	10	10	24	4	4	14	3	8	5
	2017	16	9	10	25	4	4	15	4	8	5
	2018	14	9	10	26	4	5	14	4	9	5
	2019	15	9	10	25	4	5	15	4	8	5
	2020	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
United Kingdom	2015	10	15	12	22	13	4	9	1	13	0
	2016	9	15	12	22	13	4	9	1	14	0
	2017	9	15	12	22	14	4	9	1	14	0
	2018	8	15	12	22	14	4	9	1	15	0
	2019	8	15	12	24	13	4	9	1	14	0
	2020	7	15	16	24	9	4	9	1	14	0
United States	2015	7	20	12	20	7	4	7	1	17	7
	2016	7	20	12	19	7	4	7	1	17	6
	2017	7	19	12	19	7	4	7	1	17	6
	2018	6	19	12	19	8	4	7	1	17	6
	2019	6	19	12	19	8	4	7	1	17	6
	2020	6	18	13	19	8	5	7	1	19	4
OECD average	2015	11	10	10	26	5	4	14	2	14	5
	2016	10	10	10	25	5	4	14	2	15	5
	2017	10	10	10	25	5	4	14	2	15	5
	2018	10	10	9	25	5	4	14	2	15	5
	2019	10	10	10	25	5	4	14	2	15	5
	2020	10	9	10	25	5	5	14	2	15	5
EU22 average²⁾	2015	10	10	10	24	6	4	15	2	14	5
	2016	9	10	10	24	6	4	15	2	15	5
	2017	9	10	10	24	6	4	15	2	15	5
	2018	10	10	10	24	6	4	15	2	15	5
	2019	10	10	10	24	6	4	15	2	15	5
	2020	10	9	10	24	6	5	14	2	15	5
Argentina	2015	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2016	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2017	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2018	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2019	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2020	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
Brazil	2015	20	3	4	37	3	3	10	2	14	4
	2016	20	3	4	36	3	3	11	3	14	4
	2017	20	3	5	33	3	3	12	3	15	3
	2018	19	3	5	32	2	3	13	3	16	3
	2019	20	4	5	32	2	3	13	3	16	2
	2020	19	3	5	34	2	4	12	3	17	3
China	2015	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2016	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2017	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2018	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2019	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2020	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
India	2015	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2016	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2017	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2018	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2019	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2020	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
Indonesia	2015	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2016	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2017	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2018	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2019	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2020	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
Russian Federation	2015	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2016	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2017	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2018	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2019	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2020	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
Saudi Arabia	2015	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2016	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2017	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2018	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2019	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2020	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
South Africa	2015	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2016	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2017	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2018	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2019	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m
	2020	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m

Source: OECD, OECD.Stat - EAG-database

Notes:
¹⁾ Until 2017, excludes doctoral graduates.
²⁾ Average of the 22 states of the European Union in the OECD after the United Kingdom left the EU. The data were calculated back for the entire time series.

m = data not available.

Last update: October 24, 2022

This work is licensed under a Data licence Germany attribution non-commercial 1.0.
(https://www.govdata.de/dl-de/by-nc-1-0)