Tab.1.1.7,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Federal Government expenditure on science, research and development, by types of funding 1) 2)",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,ACTUAL,TARGET,TARGET
,1991,1991,1992,1992,1993,1993,1994,1994,1995,1995,1996,1996,1997,1997,1998,1998,1999,1999,2000,2000,2001,2001,2002,2002,2003,2003,2004,2004,2005,2005,2006,2006,2007,2007,2008,2008,2009,2009,2010,2010,2011,2011,2012,2012,2013,2013,2014,2014,2015,2015,2016,2016,2017,2017,2018,2018,2019,2019,2020,2020,2021,2021,2022,2022,2023 3),2023 3)
,Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D",Total,"Of which, R&D"
Type of funding,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros
1. Project funding and departmental research,4630.6,4470.6,4581.8,4364.8,4102.5,3907,4006.7,3775.3,4008.4,3786.1,4079.1,3850.7,3710.1,3490,3824.5,3599.6,3764.6,3526.5,3823.2,3565.5,4346,4095.7,4282.1,4047.4,4196.4,3970.2,3918.9,3690.3,4037.4,3739.6,4225.2,3878.8,4893.6,4502.3,5453.6,4964,6131.9,5531.9,7037.3,6307.5,7732.1,6574.5,8106.3,6221.7,9446.6,6803,9011.2,6359.7,9195.1,6677.4,9841.1,6875.2,10865.6,7412,10631.2,7624.3,11693.6,8711.7,13039.2,10030.6,13015.8,10045.7,14283.2,11203.4,17865.2,14368.2
1.1 Direct project funding and departmental research 4),4410.5,4250.5,4272.2,4055.2,3789.1,3593.7,3727.3,3496,3689.8,3467.5,3780.7,3552.4,3450.1,3230.1,3522,3297.1,3461.5,3223.4,3543,3285.3,4051.3,3801,4004.1,3769.5,3924.9,3698.7,3646,3417.4,3760.4,3462.5,3923.9,3577.4,4525.1,4133.9,5031.1,4541.5,5472,4872.1,6125,5396.7,6682.9,5526.1,7301.8,5422.3,8600,5959.3,8190.5,5542.1,8290.4,5772.7,8899.1,5933.2,9943.1,6489.6,9768,6761,10780.7,7798.8,12074.3,9065.7,11960.2,8990.4,13200.1,10120.9,16670.6,13173.6
1.2 Indirect research and innovation funding 5),220.1,220.1,309.6,309.6,313.4,313.4,279.4,279.4,318.7,318.7,298.3,298.3,260,260,302.5,302.5,303.1,303.1,280.2,280.2,294.7,294.7,278,278,271.5,271.5,273,273,277,277,301.3,301.3,368.5,368.5,422.5,422.5,659.8,659.8,912.4,910.8,1049.1,1048.4,804.5,799.4,846.6,843.6,820.7,817.6,904.7,904.7,942,942,922.4,922.4,863.2,863.2,912.9,912.9,964.9,964.9,1055.6,1055.3,1083.1,1082.5,1194.6,1194.6
2. Basic funding of institutions including federal institutions with research and development tasks,3773.6,3178.7,3979.4,3261.8,4178.1,3418.2,4184.8,3422.8,4218.6,3462.6,4344.2,3524.7,4412.1,3598.1,4443.9,3645.8,4535.7,3737,4703.2,3851.8,4786.4,3936.7,4866.5,3993.6,5011.8,4062.9,5103.7,4155.7,5249.5,4269.4,5314.8,4363.3,5414,4532,5781,4840.2,6307.6,5282.7,6367.7,5329.9,6617.9,5531.6,7062.3,5909.4,7336.4,6197.7,7701.5,6538.3,8128.2,6929.1,8659.7,7266.9,9235.3,7757.3,9544.8,8071.9,10058.9,8484.9,10680.3,9069.2,11734.4,10001.8,12320.3,10449,12760,10801.9
"2.1 Research and science organisations, of which:",2157.8,2126.5,2519.4,2485.7,2661.1,2625.3,2671.1,2637.2,2741.7,2706.6,2774.3,2740.2,2862.1,2829.2,2929.3,2895.8,3029.7,2997.2,3082.9,3051.8,3191.2,3160.8,3240.4,3213.7,3305.6,3273.7,3400.5,3371.2,3507.2,3477.2,3630.1,3600,3741.8,3709.8,3969.5,3937,4342.1,4306.9,4385.1,4351,4592.6,4557.9,4891.5,4855.3,5158.1,5120.3,5447.3,5410.9,5804.9,5768.6,6203.6,6020.3,6640,6439.2,6917.3,6716.6,7210.9,7012.3,7728,7518.3,8628.9,8349.5,8851.4,8558.4,9122.3,8819.4
  German Research Foundation (DFG),384.6,384.6,414,414,445.2,445.2,472.8,472.8,509,509,531.8,531.8,547.1,547.1,561.6,561.6,607.2,607.2,621.2,621.2,671.8,671.8,704.9,704.9,725,725,746.6,746.6,769,769,791.8,791.8,815.6,815.6,840,840,865.2,865.2,891.2,891.2,935.8,935.8,982.5,982.5,1031.7,1031.7,1083.3,1083.3,1137.4,1137.4,1195,1195,1255.6,1255.6,1317.9,1317.9,1382.1,1382.1,1448.3,1448.3,1930.3,1930.3,1984.3,1984.3,2039.9,2039.9
  Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres (HGF),1230.1,1230.1,1329.3,1329.3,1373,1373,1308.2,1308.2,1301,1301,1303.3,1303.3,1344.2,1344.2,1356.4,1356.4,1371.8,1371.8,1383.9,1383.9,1422.8,1422.8,1367.8,1367.8,1388.8,1388.8,1430.2,1430.2,1465.9,1465.9,1511.5,1511.5,1572.3,1572.3,1622.7,1622.7,1886.4,1886.4,1863,1863,2011.8,2011.8,2178.3,2178.3,2314,2314,2455,2455,2673.2,2673.2,2727.6,2727.6,2901.2,2901.2,3028,3028,3108.8,3108.8,3305.2,3305.2,3575.5,3575.5,3656.6,3656.6,3738.3,3738.3
  Leibniz Association (WGL) 6),138.7,124.6,264.6,249.6,288.9,274.2,305.8,291.3,311.5,297.5,311.7,297.8,316.5,303.2,328.9,315.7,333.8,321.1,341.3,329.8,339.6,328.7,346.6,334.5,349.5,337.7,354.5,345.2,363.5,353.4,377.1,366.5,393.4,382.3,407.7,397.1,443.2,430.4,462.4,450.9,466.3,453.8,497.1,483.4,512,496.8,547.5,533.6,574.8,561.3,611.8,597.5,654,638.8,679.2,662.8,721.2,703.6,768.9,750.7,811.8,791.6,820.1,799.7,888,866.2
2.2 Other non-profit organisations,571.3,488.3,263.7,144.3,290.8,150.1,289.6,146.6,288.3,146.5,302.4,149.6,280.4,146.8,274.1,148.1,287,152.7,355.4,210.3,370.7,230.2,370.5,226.8,378.1,233.9,363.8,221.1,391.7,227.6,393.4,227.8,400.6,232.5,457.5,274.6,410.5,211,383.1,184.3,363.8,175.5,377.1,191.2,387.8,200.4,390.7,204,424,223.8,518.4,280.3,578.4,303.4,596.1,313.3,646.9,350.3,635.1,351.1,747,397.7,896.9,543.8,959.4,603.9
2.3 Federal institutions with research and development tasks,1044.5,563.9,1196.3,631.9,1226.2,642.8,1224.1,638.9,1188.5,609.5,1267.5,634.9,1269.6,622.1,1240.5,601.9,1219,587.1,1264.9,589.7,1224.4,545.7,1255.6,553.1,1328.1,555.2,1339.4,563.4,1350.5,564.6,1291.3,535.5,1271.7,589.8,1354,628.6,1555.1,764.8,1599.6,794.6,1661.6,798.2,1793.7,862.9,1790.6,877,1863.5,923.3,1899.3,936.7,1937.6,966.3,2016.9,1014.6,2031.3,1041.9,2201.1,1122.3,2317.2,1199.8,2358.5,1254.6,2572,1346.8,2678.3,1378.6
3. University- and education-related funding 7),1161,275,1290.2,392.6,1379.5,423.6,1302.2,357.1,1348,361.3,1276.1,357.6,1267.9,337.3,1280.6,334.3,1342.7,330.4,1327.7,318.3,1289.2,278,1236,266.6,1200.4,258.8,1047.8,225.4,1046.5,225.1,1058.4,227.6,1098.3,286,1085.8,279.1,1094.1,275.5,1018.6,202.2,1057.8,245.4,1138.8,318,1131.8,303.1,1149.8,321.5,1154.5,323.2,1150.5,324.8,1193.2,331.2,1215.8,331.1,1193,315.5,525.8,326.5,589.7,363.3,513.9,399.7,534.9,407.2
4. Contributions and subsidies to international scientific organisations and intergovernmental institutions 8),723.4,707.6,830.1,814.5,841.4,824.9,771.5,754.4,807.4,789.6,780.2,762.6,738.1,722.3,729.3,713.8,747.7,730.6,762.5,743.6,800.6,779.6,833.1,811.2,809.6,789.5,813.1,790.9,814.7,794.2,852.8,829.9,848.6,819.8,870.3,842,928.3,882.3,971.7,925.5,981.9,934.3,1019.2,971,1024.5,971.2,1016.6,969.1,1132,1081.9,1212.6,1148.4,1189.5,1128.9,1279.9,1222.8,1294.9,1236,1315.4,1257,1379,1318,1394.1,1333.3,1397.5,1334.8
5. Global reduced expenditure of the BMBF (share for science and R&D) 9),-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-484,-484
Total expenditure,10288.5,8631.9,10681.5,8833.8,10501.5,8573.7,10265.2,8309.6,10382.5,8399.7,10479.6,8495.6,10128.1,8147.7,10278.2,8293.4,10390.7,8324.5,10616.6,8479.2,11222.1,9090,11217.8,9118.8,11218.2,9081.4,10883.6,8862.3,11148.1,9028.3,11451.3,9299.6,12254.5,10140.2,13190.6,10925.2,14461.8,11972.5,15395.4,12765.1,16389.7,13285.8,17326.7,13420.2,18939.4,14275.1,18879.1,14188.7,19609.8,15011.6,20863.9,15615.4,22483.6,16629.4,22671.7,17250,24240.4,18748.1,25560.7,20683.3,26718.8,21728.9,28511.5,23385.4,32073.7,26428
  Direct project funding and departmental research 4),4410.5,4250.5,4272.2,4055.2,3789.1,3593.7,3727.3,3496,3689.8,3467.5,3780.7,3552.4,3450.1,3230.1,3522,3297.1,3461.5,3223.4,3543,3285.3,4051.3,3801,4004.1,3769.5,3924.9,3698.7,3646,3417.4,3760.4,3462.5,3923.9,3577.4,4525.1,4133.9,5031.1,4541.5,5472,4872.1,6125,5396.7,6682.9,5526.1,7301.8,5422.3,8600,5959.3,8190.5,5542.1,8290.4,5772.7,8899.1,5933.2,9943.1,6489.6,9768,6761,10780.7,7798.8,12074.3,9065.7,11960.2,8990.4,13200.1,10120.9,16670.6,13173.6
"    Of which, Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action 10)",1089.1,1082.1,951.7,945.4,888.6,883.6,812.6,807.5,693.6,688.3,699,693.9,585.6,581.2,732.1,726.6,727.9,721.2,703.9,698.6,784.9,776.6,805.2,797.1,723.3,715.1,658.3,650.7,644.7,635.7,628.4,618.7,697,685.3,798.7,786.4,769.6,756.3,835.7,823.6,837.2,827.4,816.7,805.9,857.4,840.7,865.8,848.6,900.6,889,928.6,913.2,1085.6,1064.7,1201.5,1177,1643.4,1615.4,1642.7,1607.8,1718,1679,1792.1,1754.9,3198.6,3152.8
"    Of which, Federal Ministry of Defence 10)",1453.8,1453.3,1399.6,1399,1179.4,1178.8,1178.2,1177.6,1295.4,1294.8,1304.8,1304.2,1264.9,1264.3,1138.6,1137.8,1015.7,1014.9,1003.1,1002.2,1013.3,1012.7,879.6,878.7,937.5,937.2,885.9,885.6,923.5,923.2,919.7,919.3,1097,1097,1000.4,1000.4,948.2,948.2,949.5,949.5,810.4,810.4,770.6,770.6,940.6,940.6,728,728,736,736,712.3,712.3,975.1,975.1,834.5,834.5,1101.7,1101.7,1230.5,1230.5,1521.8,1521.8,1889.6,1889.6,1726.4,1726.4
"    Of which, Federal Ministry of Education and Research 10)",1286,1175.1,1310.3,1145.9,1287.2,1138.6,1341.2,1156.6,1333.7,1158.2,1411.1,1227,1258.2,1082.3,1297,1118.6,1369.3,1179.3,1505.8,1293.2,1902.8,1700.9,1921.9,1737.9,1847.3,1672.9,1693.4,1512.7,1793.3,1546.3,1976.3,1677.7,2282.4,1943.8,2710.8,2278.7,3119.2,2588,3523.4,2875.7,4059.9,2994.5,4857.6,3064.5,5661.7,3145,5506.3,2965.4,5554.7,3145.5,6250.5,3400.4,6806.4,3503,6590.3,3739.5,6810.5,3987.8,7733.4,4923.2,7045.1,4279.3,7611.2,4741.4,8067.2,5068.7
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"Source: Federal Ministry of Education and Research, special evaluation",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
This table also appears in the Federal Report on Research and Innovation as Table 7.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
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Notes:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
1) Possible deviations from earlier publications due to subsequent changes in the allocation to R&D or subsequent changes in the allocation to the types of funding are possible. Possible rounding differences.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2) 2009 to 2011, including investment and redemption fund excluding allocations to the Länder (economic stimulus package - Konjunkturpaket II). 2011 to 2022, including ""Energy and climate fund""; as of 2023, including ""Climate and transformation fund"". 2016, including future investments.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"3) Target expenditure 2023 including ""Climate and transformation fund"" but excluding other funds from section 60 ""General financial management"" - chapter 6002 ""General appropriations"". These are collected retrospectively. Without the supplementary budget of 28 December 2023.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"4) Including expenditure on orders for departmental and defence research and development. From 2001 to 2006, including further development of universities and science as well as the realisation of equal opportunities for women in research and education. Excluding basic funding of federal institutions with research and development tasks.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"5) Excluding tax measures (grants, special depreciations).",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
6) Including Land-owned institutions with research and development tasks that are jointly funded by the federal and Länder governments.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
7) Including universities of the federal armed forces and the Federal University of Applied Administrative Sciences.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
8) Located in Germany and abroad.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
9) ACTUAL figures are needed to break down the BMBF's global reduced expenditure by types of funding.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"10) The departments' scopes of responsibilities and their names correspond to the organisational division of the 20th legislative period's Federal Government. To ensure comparability between individual years, expenditures were retrospectively adjusted or implemented to reflect the current organizational division when there were changes in the allocation of responsibilities between government departments.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
- = no figures or magnitude zero.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Results of the ICE-BMBF's ICE-Database of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (ICE = Information, Controlling, Entscheidung)",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"A system of the German Centre for Higher Education Research and Science Studies (DZHW), http://www.dzhw.eu/en/index_html",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
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"Last update: January 4, 2024",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
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This work is licensed under a Data licence Germany attribution 2.0.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
(https://www.govdata.de/dl-de/by-2-0),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,